EcSIs ComMuNity

God concept of equality between religions

<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Some western scholars say that Muhammad also use the term Allah in communicating with the pagan Arabs and Jews or Christians to uphold common basis in the understanding of God's name, a claim Gerhard Böwering expressed doubts <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQFjCLQXALvjrXo0WsiXK7O7xw-SVNXOrKzlfcKz3ovB97G-LuIYkJgztop4SSO-TnOpXCnX5UZ4qyNWauwhPMuJzCrQZXiYw0rdjYKmI5IKjkOf-Lsrn0fEUNgStD74d5TrsiENeL8W-P/s1600/kk.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQFjCLQXALvjrXo0WsiXK7O7xw-SVNXOrKzlfcKz3ovB97G-LuIYkJgztop4SSO-TnOpXCnX5UZ4qyNWauwhPMuJzCrQZXiYw0rdjYKmI5IKjkOf-Lsrn0fEUNgStD74d5TrsiENeL8W-P/s320/kk.PNG" width="320" /></a></div></div><h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">God in Islam vs God in pre-Islamic Arabia</h3><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">When comparing the pre-Islamic Arab polytheism, God in Islam does not have friends and allies as well as the relationship between God with Jin. Pre-Islamic pagan Arabs began with the idols are brought to Arabia by 'Amr bin Luhay. They then mixing the Ibrahim brought monotheism and paganism. They believe destiny vague, robust, and can not be bargained beyond what man can not control. This understanding was replaced by the idea of Islam Merciful however Almighty.</div><h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">God in Islam vs God in Hebrew</h3><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">According to Francis Edwards Peters, "The Qur'an requires Muslims to believe, and historians agree that Muhammad and his followers worship the same God as the Jewish God. Allah of the Al-qur’an is God the same Creator who has an agreement with Abraham. Peters declares that al-Quran describe God is stronger and wider than Yahweh, and as the Lord of the universe, not as Yahweh that only closer to the people of Israel. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica (see also section below for a comparison of the love of God in Islam and Christianity).</div><blockquote class="tr_bq"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">God says in the al-qur’an, "to love who do good," and the two parts of the Al-qur’an express a love that mutual understanding between God and man, but the Judeo-Christian teaching "love God with all your heart" is not defined in Islam. This pressure is more on the freedom of the will of God, so that everyone has to surrender. The main thing, "surrender to God" (Islam) is a religion itself.</div></blockquote><h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">God in Islam vs God in Christianity</h3><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Islam categorically rejects the Christian belief that God is three persons in one essence (see Trinity). In the Islamic conception of God, there is no equality between God and creation. God's presence is believed to exist anywhere, and do not reincarnate as anyone or anything.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> Western Christians feel Islam as a religion of infidels during the first and second Crusades. Muhammad is seen as a demon or false gods were worshiped together and Termangant Apollyon the unholy trinity. The traditional Christian view is that God Muhammad together with his Lord Jesus. Ludovico Marracci (1734), confessor of Pope Innocent XI, stated:</div><blockquote class="tr_bq"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Muhammad and his followers were considered orthodox, have been and continue to have an original idea and a logical God and His attributes (always exclude and reject Trituggal), emerged very clearly from the Al-qur’an itself and the whole belief in God Muhammad, so it will requires a lot of time to deny that is to assume that God Muhammad is different from the true God.</div></blockquote><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Many messages in the Old Testament refers to God's love. The central theme in the New Testament is the love of God in the mediation of Jesus. In Islam, the love of the Lord appeared in all the signs and the creation of the Earth where humans can live a decent life.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱعۡبُدُواْ رَبَّكُمُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ٢١ </div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"> </div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِرَٰشٗا وَٱلسَّمَآءَ بِنَآءٗ وَأَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَخۡرَجَ بِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ رِزۡقٗا لَّكُمۡۖ فَلَا تَجۡعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ أَندَادٗا وَأَنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٢ </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><blockquote class="tr_bq"><div class="MsoNormal">O mankind, worship your Lord who has created you and thosebefore you, that ye may be cautious. It was he who made the earth as a stretch for you and the skyas a roof, and sent down water (rain) from the sky, and He will bring forthall the fruits as a sustenance for you; Therefore do not be held allies for Allah while youknow. (al-Baqarah 2: 21-22)</div></blockquote></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Muslims praise to God the most common is the 'Most Gracious, Most Merciful'. The other two of the "Beautiful Names and Attributes" God 'Maha Affection' (Wadud) and the 'Giver' (Wahhab). William Montgomery Watt held that Christian had more pressure in the rules of behavior God as a shepherd who went looking for the lost sheep and save them. On the other hand, Islam rejects the majority of prayer for anyone who has infidels. In Islam, Watt said, God provides favors for each group to attain eternal life (example: life in Heaven) by sending a messenger or prophet to them. Islam also developed the doctrine of the mediation of Muhammad on the Day of Judgment that will receive them well, though that sin will be judged for the sins of them either on earth or in hell</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </div>

God concept of equality between religions

Some western scholars say that Muhammad also use the term Allah in communicating with the pagan Arabs and Jews or Christians to uphold commo...

16:40

Quietness of the night

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">A proverb says, ants across can be seen but the elephant in the eyelid is not visible. This adage often analogize that humans are smarter assess the advantages and disadvantages of others. But recognize the advantages and disadvantages of self is a difficult job and often overlooked human.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span title="Allah Subhaanahu Wata'ala berfirman, Kami akan perlihatkan kepada mereka tanda-tanda kekuasaan Kami di segenap ufuk dan dari pada diri mereka sendiri, sehingga jelaslah bagi mereka bahwa Al-Quran itu adalah benar.">Subhaanahu wata'ala God says, We shall show them Our signs in all horizons and of themselves, so that it is clear to them that the Koran is true. And if thy Lord is not enough for you that He witnessed all things? (Al-Fusilat: 53) </div><blockquote class="tr_bq"><h3>There is also Atsar saying "Who knew he was going to Know God".</h3></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"> Of the word of God and Atsar above we can conclude how important the introduction of self. God has demonstrated His power in man. Then followed by Atsar, who knew him then he will know his Lord. This means that if someone knew him then he would think of his creation. Who else if not God created man.Man consists of three elements, soul, body and soul. All three have a role that can not be separated. Bodies without the spirit is like a tree that is dead, withered and dry. The animals have body and soul, but he does not have a soul. Humans clearly different from animals. And Allah has preferred men from being ciptaa His other, man said to be the most perfect creature.Man is the most perfect creature that God created this earth. It has a combination of properties devil and angel. One of these properties could dominate human life. If the nature of satan who dominates, he will behave like satan. He became manusai evil, vindictive, arrogant, arrogant, deceitful rebelled against Allah, and other vices. Conversely, if the nature of angels who dominate it, then it becomes a good man, obedient and subservient to God.Even if it is dominated by second nature, then humans will also not be Satan or angels. He is only human, only his behavior that looks like a devil or an angel .. People are free to choose, which one is his desire behavior. The option can only be taken if the man knew about him, either excess or kekuranganya, vices maupupun good nature.</div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5SR0h868Tago4F5vLAgGAi4perWwB5IGe3VwJHy08afHAa6Q_fHCPlb0DMTnFLfa8jbIYJ9Mf09BkBJ7_YUrxHmlk8_lZ104s3BRML4KWlgJ7zTWRDdO3S90isa7_CxXqisZlq3EHkj7Q/s1600/buah.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Quietness of the night text alt" border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5SR0h868Tago4F5vLAgGAi4perWwB5IGe3VwJHy08afHAa6Q_fHCPlb0DMTnFLfa8jbIYJ9Mf09BkBJ7_YUrxHmlk8_lZ104s3BRML4KWlgJ7zTWRDdO3S90isa7_CxXqisZlq3EHkj7Q/s400/buah.jpg" title="Quietness of the night" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://ecsis.blogspot.com/2015/10/quietness-of-night.html" target="_blank">Guava</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;"> If you do not use reason, humans can also behave like animals, who only live for the sake of his stomach. But sometimes humans worse than animals. If an animal only needs his stomach that day. But manusai not, sometimes already fulfilled the needs of his stomach for the next few years, it still continues to invade and rob something that is not due. We certainly do not want to be like the animals, especially the lower and worse than animals.  <h3>Where the beginning of this yourself?</h3></div><blockquote class="tr_bq">In the Koran says, that we are just a pile of bodies coming from semen abject. No one tanganpun in this world capable of creating human beings. If we are aware of the nature of ourselves, that we are weak creatures, if God does not help us, we are nothing nor nobody.O people! If you are still in doubt about the Resurrection, then (think) that We created you (the process in the beginning):</blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><ol><li>of land,</li><li>then from a drop of semen,</li><li>then from a clot (frozen),</li><li>then from a lump of meat perfect kejadiaanya and (some) are not perfect so we explain to you (how great creation Us),</li><li>then (a lump of meat that) we have defined in the womb of the will (rule) We reached the specified time (approximately 9 months),</li><li>then we remove you (from your mother's womb) as a baby,</li><li>then you grow up,</li><li>(then) there among you who diwafatkan (while still strong-powered) and some old fart sampi, so he does not remember anything. <span title="Dan (sebagai bukti berbangkit pula) kamu melihat bumi kering gersang, kemudian apabila telah Kami sirami dengan air (hujan), bumi itu hidup dengan subur kembli menumbuhkan beraneka ragam tumbuh-tumbuhan nan indah menawan.">And (as proof of Resurrection anyway) you see the earth dry arid, then when We sirami with water (rain), the earth was alive with lush kembli growing variegated plants beautiful charming. (QS. Al-Hajj: 5)</li></ol></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"> Behold, we find ourselves this in error and ignorance, then he gave us directions. Indeed we find ourselves in the darkness, then He gives us light. Indeed we find ourselves in the confusion, and then he gave us a way out. Indeed we find ourselves is the weakness of faith, then He gives us firmness. Indeed we find ourselves in the humiliation and humility, and He gave us the glory and izzah and iffah. Indeed we find ourselves this in ignorance, then he gave us the light of learning. Indeed we find ourselves is naked, and then he gave us clothes.If that's how the process of our birth, then why do we forget ourselves? A man who does not know himself? A man who forget the essence of creation ourselves, we just came from a pile of soil and will definitely return to the ground. Siapun people, the commoners or state officials, pretty or ugly, was born in the west and in the east. We are born into the same circumstances, the degree we are equal before God </div>

Quietness of the night

A proverb says, ants across can be seen but the elephant in the eyelid is not visible. This adage often analogize that humans are smarter as...

12:40

last generation

<h2>Based on some research psychologist</h2><h2></h2><blockquote class="tr_bq"><h3>GENERATION HAPPY That, the generation born in 1970-1990,</h3><h3>And it is us. ................ !!!</h3></blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;">We are the last generation that is still playing in the yard expanse. We ran and hid playful laughter and friendship. Play hide and seek, Boy-boynan, gobag Sodor, jump rope, Cooking-cooking, playing sungkit, playing tolang bagek, beldokan play, playing tops, kites, daughter of Princess Jasmine ... without warning from Mr. Mom. We can use the rubber band, the contents of brown, orange peel, a used battery, dereliction telik mjd game that mengasyikkan.Kami who each saw the plane fly directly shouting for money.</div><a href="https://scontent-sin1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-xap1/v/t1.0-9/11224461_10203416341729412_2207764282621936235_n.jpg?oh=cee0bc515fe7b5312673346ba5fc9c1c&oe=568A1536" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://scontent-sin1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-xap1/v/t1.0-9/11224461_10203416341729412_2207764282621936235_n.jpg?oh=cee0bc515fe7b5312673346ba5fc9c1c&oe=568A1536" width="400" /></a> <div style="text-align: justify;">Our generation schooled in the village has a habit every afternoon after school to learn the qur'an at teacher of the qur'anOur generation in the telephone queue from 5am, corresponded and awaits a reply letter dg full of longing. Each afternoon we waited Kumbara Brama radio story, send greetings via a radio announcer. We are the generation who felt his elementary black chalkboard, still use pencil and sharpener that no glass in one of them. We are the generation of middle and high school who was still wearing a blackboard and chalk white. <span title="Generasi yang meja sekolahnya penuh dengan coretan kejujuran kami melalui tulisan Tipe-X putih, generasi yang sering mencuri pandang teman sekolah yang kita naksir, kirim salam buat dia lewat temannya dan menyelipkan surat cinta di laci mejanya. ">The generation that school desk full of honesty us through writing graffiti-type white X, the generation that often stealing glances school friend we fancied, send greetings for him through his friend and slipped a love letter in her desk drawer.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span title="Generasi yang meja sekolahnya penuh dengan coretan kejujuran kami melalui tulisan Tipe-X putih, generasi yang sering mencuri pandang teman sekolah yang kita naksir, kirim salam buat dia lewat temannya dan menyelipkan surat cinta di laci mejanya. "> We are a generation who felt the beginnings of technology communication gadgets such as pagers, Computer Pentium 486 crickets and how sophisticated the first Pentium 66Mhz. We are very proud generation that holds 1.44Mb floppy capacity and little understood Dos command by typing copy, del, md, dir / w / p. We are the generation that wears MIRC to chat and Searching wearing Yahoo. Happy that the first generation to know Nintendo, Game wot that colored p.<span title="Generasi kamilah yang merekam lagu dari siaran radio ke pita kaset tape, yang menulis lirik dengan cara play-pause-rewind, dan memanfaatkan pensil utk menggulung pita kaset ya macet, kirim kirim salam ama temen2 lewat siaran radio saling sindir dan bla bla bla, generasi">Your generation who record songs from radio broadcasts to cassette tape, who wrote the lyrics in a way play-pause-rewind, and utilizing a pencil For roll tape so jammed, send send greetings ama temen2 through radio broadcasts each quipped and bla bla bla, generation Walkman early connoisseurs and know what it Laserdisc, VHS. We are the generation Misbar step on the screen which is the forerunner of cinema Twenty One.<span title="Kami tumbuh diantara para legenda cinta spt kla Project, dewa 19, padi, masih tak malu menyanyikan lagu Sheila on7, dan selalu tanpa sadar ikut bersenandung ketika mendengar lagu: mungkin aku bukan pujangga, yg pandai merangkai kata. ">We grew among the legends of love such as kla Project, deity 19, paddy, was not ashamed to sing the song Sheila on7, and always unwittingly participating hum when I heard the song: maybe I'm not a poet, who are good at stringing words.Our generation nyeker shod Warior and willingly go to school without shoes if it is raining. Cupu but not Madesu.<span title="Kami adalah generasi yang bebas, bebas bermotor tanpa helm, yang punya sepeda, sepedanya disewain 200 rupiah /jam,bebas dari sakit leher krn kebanyakan melihat ponsel, bebas manjat tembok stadion, bebas mandi dikali disungai dll, bebas manggil teman sekolah dengan nama bapaknya.">We are the generation that is free, independent motor without a helmet, which had a bike, bike disewain 200 rupiah / h, free of neck pain krn mostly looking phones, free climb the walls of the stadium, free showers multiplied by the river etc, free calling classmates with his father's name. Free charge.</div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlkp5-meQIiae6x-mYl77nbGsBiaOePMYlGk8-Rqh5Ieet-jm9nDFFnu8R1tWv2L_2AkG2xahKvjQP-bal4uL6kGz0paBxNG6Pupk-5rGoqm0M8AtSVqhslJ2W_7I9Coy8LX2Wdi4WmAl0/s1600/du.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="last-generation text alat" border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlkp5-meQIiae6x-mYl77nbGsBiaOePMYlGk8-Rqh5Ieet-jm9nDFFnu8R1tWv2L_2AkG2xahKvjQP-bal4uL6kGz0paBxNG6Pupk-5rGoqm0M8AtSVqhslJ2W_7I9Coy8LX2Wdi4WmAl0/s320/du.PNG" title="last-generation" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://ecsis.blogspot.com/">ecsis.blogspot.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span title="Sebagai anak bangsa Indonesia, Kami hafal Pancasila, Nyanyian Indonesia Raya, maju tak gentar, Teks proklamasi, Sumpah Pemuda, Nama nama para Menteri kabinet pembangunan IV dan Dasadharma Pramuka dan Nama nama seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. ">As the children of Indonesia, we memorized the Pancasila, Song of Indonesia Raya, forward undaunted, text of the proclamation, the Youth Pledge, name the names of the Ministers Cabinet IV development and Dasadharma Scouts and name the name of all provinces in Indonesia. Now when you're sibuk2nya learning with your curriculum that meticulous, we asik2an arrange a time to always be able to get together reunion dg our generation. </div><blockquote class="tr_bq">How happy our generation </blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">younger sister sorry ... you learn that the hard way ya to get your own happiness ....Love of uss.</div>

last generation

Based on some research psychologist GENERATION HAPPY That, the generation born in 1970-1990, And it is us. ................ !!! We are the l...

12:18

HOLY WAR

<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTB4iMIv041b2L2qLlA_cmDkcg90-6R9JG8byOdu9H3D9cfzvzw-dCxyP9jvMhJS4QPTdeqlRx3UTIdyGBHoP5e66h9pUUQ7Ia_07quXkm2r-iV4rmqiZLvEvG2KH0mONTlvma2u6EUWod/s1600/perang-badar-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTB4iMIv041b2L2qLlA_cmDkcg90-6R9JG8byOdu9H3D9cfzvzw-dCxyP9jvMhJS4QPTdeqlRx3UTIdyGBHoP5e66h9pUUQ7Ia_07quXkm2r-iV4rmqiZLvEvG2KH0mONTlvma2u6EUWod/s1600/perang-badar-2.jpg" width="400" /></a><span title="Perang Salib (perang suci) ini terjadi pada tahun 1905, saat Paus Urbanus II berseru kepada Umat Kristen di Eropa untuk melakukan perang suci, untuk memperoleh kembali keleluasaan berziarah di Baitul Maqdis yang dikuasai oleh Penguasa Seljuk yang menetapkan beberapa peraturan yang memberatkan bagi Umat kristen yang">Crusade <a href="http://ecsis.blogspot.com/2015/10/holy-war.html" target="_blank">holy war</a> this occurred in 1905, when Pope Urban II called upon Christians in Europe to conduct a holy war, to regain flexibility pilgrimage in Baitul Maqdis controlled by ruler Seljuk which sets some rules burdensome for People of Christian wish to pay respect to it.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">As already mentioned, an important event in the expansion movement by Alp Arselan is Manzikart event, in 464 AH (1071 AD). <span title="Tentara Alp Arselan yang hanya berkekuatan 15.000 prajurit, dalam peristiwa ini berhasi1 mengalahkan tentara Romawi yang berjumlah 200.000 orang, terdiri dari tentara Romawi, Ghuz, al-Akraj, al-Hajr, Perancis dan Armenia.">Alp soldiers Arselan that only 15,000 soldiers, in this event berhasi1 defeated the Roman army numbering 200,000 people, consisting of the Roman army, Ghuz, al-Akraj, al-Hajr, France and Armenia. This great event implanting the seeds of hostility and hatred of Christians against Muslims, which then triggers the Crusades. The hatred was increased after the Seljuk dynasty can seize Bait al-Maqdis in the year 471 H of dynastic power Fathimiyah based in Egypt. Seljuk ruler sets some rules for Christians who want to make a pilgrimage there. That rule has been very difficult for them. To regain the freedom of Christian pilgrimage to the holy land, in 1095 AD, Pope Urban II called upon the Christians of Europe in order to perform HOLY war. This war became known as the Crusades, which occurred in three periods.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><h3>First Period</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">In the spring of 1095 M; 150,000 Europeans, mostly the French and Norman, went to Constantinople, then to Palestine. Crusaders led by Godfrey, Bohemond and Raymond have gained a great victory. On June 18, 1097 they conquered Nicaea and in 1098 M master Raha (Edessa). Here they founded the first Latin kingdom with Baldawin as king. In the same year they can master Antiochea and Latin II established a kingdom in the East. Bohemond inducted into king. They also managed to occupy the Bait al-Maqdis (July 15, 1099 AD) and established a Latin kingdom with its king III, Godfrey. After the conquest of Bait al-Maqdis, the Crusaders continued expansion. They held the city of Akka (1104 AD), Tripoli (1109 AD) and the city of Tyre (1124 AD). In Tripoli they founded the kingdom of Latin IV, King is Raymond.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><h3>Second Period</h3><div style="text-align: justify;"><span title="Imaduddin Zanki, penguasa Moshul dan Irak, berhasil menaklukkan kembali Aleppo, Hamimah, dan Edessa pada tahun 1144 M. Namun ia wafat tahun 1146 M. Tugasnya dilanjutkan oleh puteranya, Numuddin Zanki.">Imad Zanki, Moshul and Iraqi authorities, managed to reconquer Aleppo, Hamimah, and Edessa in 1144 AD However he died in 1146 AD His task was continued by his son, Numuddin Zanki. Numuddin regained Antiochea in the year 1149 AD and 1151 AD entire Edessa can be retaken.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> This led to the fall of Edessa Christian Crusades waged second. Pope Eugenius III convey holy war was greeted positively by the French king Louis VII and the German king Condrad II. Both are leading the Crusaders to seize Christian region in Syria. However, their advance hampered by Numuddin Zanki. They did not manage to enter Damascus. Louis VII and Condrad II himself escaped to return to his country. <span title="Numuddin wafat tahun 1174 M. Pimpinan perang kemudian dipegang oleh Shalahuddin al-Ayyubi yang berhasil mendirikan dinasti Ayyubiyah di Mesir tahun 1175 M. Hasil peperangan Shalahuddin yang terbesar adalah merebut kembali Yerussalem pada tahun 1187 M. Dengan demikian kerajaan latin di Yerussalem yang berlangsung selama 88">Numuddin died in 1174 AD Chairman of war later held by Saladin who successfully established the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1175 AD The result is the greatest battle that Saladin recaptured Jerusalem in 1187 AD Thus the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem, which lasted for 88 year ends. The fall of Jerusalem into the hands of the Muslims so beat the feeling of crusaders. They also plan a reply. This time the crusaders led by Frederick Barbarossa, the German king, Richard the Lion Hart, king of England, and Philip Augustus, king of France. The troops moved in 1189 AD Despite the formidable challenges of Saladin, but they managed to seize Akka, which then made the capital of the Latin kingdom. But they did not manage to enter Palestine. On November 2, 1192 M, made an agreement between the Crusaders with Saladin called Shulh al-Ramlah. In this agreement stated that the Christians who go on pilgrimage to the Bait al-Maqdis will not be disturbed. </div><h3>Third Period</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">Crusaders during this period led by the German king, Frederick II. This time they are trying to seize Egypt first before to Palestine, in the hope of help from the Christians Qibthi. In 1219 AD, they managed to occupy Dimyat. Egyptian king of the Ayyubid dynasty that time, al-Malik al-Kamil, making penjanjian with Frederick. <span title="Isinya antara lain Frederick bersedia melepaskan Dimyat, sementara al- Malik al-Kamil melepaskan Palestina, Frederick menjamin keamanan kaum muslimin di sana, dan Frederick tidak mengirim bantuan kepada Kristen di Syria.">It contained, among others, Frederick was willing to release Dimyat, while al-Malik al-Kamil releasing Palestinian, Frederick ensure the safety of the Muslims there, and Frederick did not send aid to Christians in Syria. In subsequent developments, the Palestinians can be recaptured by the Muslims in 1247 AD, during the reign of al-Malik al-Salih, the next ruler of Egypt. When Egypt ruled by dynasties Mamalik who replaced the Ayyubid dynasty, the leadership of war held by Baybars and Qalawun. Akka in the time they can be recaptured by the Muslims, in 1291 M. Thus the Crusades that raged in the East. This war does not stop in the West, in Spain, until the Muslims were expelled from there.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Even Muslims managed to maintain its regions from the Crusaders, but the loss that they have suffered a lot, because the war was going on in the region. These losses led to the political power of Muslims becoming weaker. In this condition they not be united, but instead divided. Many small dynasties which became independent from the central government in Baghdad Abbasids. </div><blockquote class="tr_bq">The period of disintegration Seizing Power</blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><span title="Faktor lain yang menyebabkan peran politik Bani Abbas menurun adalah perebutan kekuasaan di pusat pemerintahan, dengan membiarkan jabatan tetap dipegang bani Abbas, karena khalifah sudah dianggap sebagai jabatan keagamaan yang sakral dan tidak bisa diganggu gugat lagi, sedangkan kekusaan dapat didirikan di pusat maupun daerah yang jauh">Another factor that led to the political role of Bani Abbas decline is the struggle for power in the central government, by allowing the positions still held by the descendants of Abbas, as the Caliph has been regarded as the position of religious sacred and inviolable again, while kekusaan be established at central and local levels far from the central government in the form of small dynasties independent. Another factor that led to the political role of Bani Abbas decline is the struggle for power in the central government. This actually happened in the previous Islamic governments. But, what happens to the Abbasid rule different from what happened before. Prophet Muhammad did not specify how the change of leadership after the abandonment. He seems, leave it to the Muslims in line with the spirit of democracy that developed in the community of democracy in the Arab and Islamic teachings. In a further development, the process of political succession in the history of Islam vary from one period to another period. There is a secure and lasting peace, but often also through conflict and bloodshed as a result of unbridled ambitions of certain parties. After the Prophet's death, there was disagreement between the Emigrants and Helpers in Bani town hall Sa'idah in Medina. Each group argues that leadership should be on their side, or at least each group has its own leader. However, since a good understanding of their religion and the spirit of deliberation and high ukhuwah differences can be resolved, Abu Bakr was elected Caliph. The first bloodshed in Islam because of a power struggle going on in the caliphate of Ali bin Abi Talib. First Ali faced a rebellion Talha, Zubair and Aisha. Reason revolt was Ali does not want to punish the murderers Usman, and they demand a defense against Usman blood that was shed unjustly. But beyond this reason, according to Ahmad Syalabi, Abdullah ibn Zubairlah which led to the uprising which brought many of the victims. He was desperate to occupy the seat of caliphate. To that end, he incited aunt and foster mother, Aisha, to rebel against Ali, in the hope Ali's fall and he could replace Ali. With the aim of getting the position of that caliphate of Muawiyah, the governor of Damascus, rebel. In addition to causing many casualties, Muawiya managed to reach the point, while Ali was killed by his own former. Revolts that emerge during Ali aims to knock him out of the seat of caliphate and replaced by the rebel leader. The same thing happened during the reign of the Umayyads in Damascus. <span title="Pemberontakan-pemberontakan sering terjadi, diantaranya pemberontakan Husein ibn Ali, Syi'ah yang dipimpin oleh al-Mukhtar, Abdullah ibn Zubair, dan terakhir pemberontakan Bani Abbas yang untuk pertama kalinya menggunakan nama gerakan Bani Hasyim.">Frequent rebellions, including uprising Hussein ibn Ali, Shiite-led by al-Mukhtar, Abdullah ibn Zubair, and the last uprising Bani Abbas for the first time using the name of the movement of Banu Hashim. This last rebellion succeeded and then set up a new government named Abbasid Caliphate or the sons of Abbas. In the reign of Bani Abbas, the seizure of power as it also happens, especially at the beginning of the establishment. <span title="Akan tetapi, pada masa-masa berikutnya, seperti terlihat pada periode kedua dan seterusnya, meskipun khalifah tidak berdaya, tidak ada usaha untuk merebut jabatan khilafah dari tangan Bani Abbas.">However, in subsequent periods, as shown in the second period onwards, although Caliph helpless, there is no attempt to seize positions of the hands Abbasid caliphate. There is only the attempt to seize power by letting the post of caliph retained Bani Abbas. This occurs because the caliph has been regarded as a religious position that is sacred and inviolable again. While the power may be established in the center and in areas far from the center of government in the form of small dynasties independent. Turkish troops seized the power. Caliph in their hands like a puppet who can not do anything. Even they who pick and drop caliph according to their political wishes. After the power is in the hands of the Turks in the second period, the third period (334-447 H / l055 AD), the Abbasid fortune under the authority of Bani Buwaih.The presence of Bani Buwaih begins three sons Abu Syuja 'Buwaih, fish finders who live in the area Dailam, namely Ali, Hasan and Ahmad. To get out of the pressures of poverty, the three brothers entered military service when it was seen by many bring sustenance. At first they joined forces with Eating ibn time, one warlord Dailam area. <span title="Setelah pamor Makan ibn Kali memudar, mereka kemudian bergabung dengan panglima Mardawij ibn Zayyar al-Dailamy .Karena prestasi mereka, Mardawij mengangkat Ali menjadi gubernur al-Karaj, dan dua saudaranya diberi kedudukan penting lainnya.">After prestige Eating ibn fade time, they were later joined by the commander Mardawij Zayyar ibn al-Dailamy Because of their achievements, Mardawij raised Ali became the governor of al-Karaj, and two other brothers were given an important position. That expansion of al-Karaj Bani Buwaih power began. First of all Ali conquered areas in Persia and made Shiraz as the central government. When Mardawij died, Bani Buwaih based in Shiraz was conquered several areas in the Persian like Ray, Isfahan, and areas of Jabal. Ali tried to get the legalization of the Abbasid caliph, al-Radhi Billah and send money to the state treasury. He managed to get the legality of it. Then he expanded into Iraq, Ahwaz, and Wasit. From here Buwaih troops to Baghdad to seize power in the central government. At that time, Baghdad was hit by political turmoil, due to the struggle for the post of Amir al-Umara between vizier and military leaders. Military leaders have recourse to Ahmad ibn Buwaih based in Ahwaz. The request was granted. <span title="Ahmad dan pasukannya tiba di Baghdad pada tanggal Jumadil-ula 334 H/945 M. Ia disambut baik oleh khalifah dan langsung diangkat menjadi Amirul-Umara, penguasa politik negara, dengan gelar Mu'izz al-Daulah.">Ahmad and his troops arrived in Baghdad on-ula Jumadil 334 H / 945 AD He was well received by the caliph and directly appointed Amir al-Umara, the political ruler of the country, with a degree Mu'izz al-Daula. <span title="Saudaranya, Ali, yang memerintah di bagian selatan Persia dengan pusatnya di Syiraz diberikan gelar Imad al-Daulah, dan Hasan yang memerintah di bagian utara, Isfahan dan Ray, dianugerahi gelar Rukn al-Daulah.">His brother, Ali, who ruled in southern Persia with its center in Shiraz was given the title of Imad al-Daulah, and Hasan who ruled in the north, Isfahan and Ray, was awarded the title of Rukn al-Daula. Since then, as against the previous Turkish military leaders, the caliphs subject to Bani Buwaih. In the reign of this Buwaih Bani, the Abbasid caliph really in name only. The implementation of government entirely in the hands of Bani Buwaih amir-amir. Caliphs worse state than ever before, especially since Bani Buwaih are adherents of Shi'a, while Bani Abbas is a Sunni. During the reign of the sons of Buwaih frequent riots between the groups and Shiite Ahl, rebellion army and so on. After Baghdad controlled, Bani Buwaih move the power base from Shiraz to Baghdad. They built a separate building in the city center with the name Daral-Mamlakah. Nevertheless, the actual political control still in Shiraz, where Ali ibn Buwaih (oldest brother) reigns. <span title="Dengan kekuatan militer Bani Buwaih, beberapa dinasti kecil yang sebelumnya memerdekakan diri dari Baghdad, seperti Bani Hamdan di wilayah Syria dan Irak, Dinasti Samaniyah, dan Ikhsyidiyah, dapat dikendalikan kembali dari Baghdad.">Bani Buwaih with military force, some small previous dynasties independence from Baghdad, as Bani Hamdan in the region of Syria and Iraq, Samanid Empire, and Ikhsyidiyah, can be controlled back from Baghdad. <span title="Sebagaimana para khalifah Abbasiyah periode pertama, para penguasa Bani Buwaih mencurahkan perhatian secara langsung dan sungguh-sungguh terhadap pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan kesusasteraan.">As the first period of the Abbasid caliphs, rulers of Bani Buwaih devote attention directly and earnestly to the development of science and literature. At the time many emerging Bani Buwaih great scientists, among them al-Farabi (d. 950 AD), Ibn Sina (980-1037 AD), al-Farghani, Abdurrahman al-Shufi (d. 986 AD), Ibn Maskawaih (w . 1030 AD), Abu al-'Ala al-Ma'arri (973-1057 AD), and the group Ikhwan al-Safa. Bani services Buwaih also seen in the construction of canals, mosques, hospitals, and a number of other public buildings. Progress is offset by the pace of economic development, agriculture, trade and industry, especially the rug. Bani Buwaih political forces not long survive. After the first generation, three brothers, powers the scene of clashes between their children. Each of these find the rightful owners of the central power. For example, disputes between the 'Izz al-Daula Bakhtiar, son Mu'izz al-Daulah and' ADHD al-Daula, son Imad al-Daula, in the race for the post of amir al-umara. A power struggle among the descendants of Bani Buwaih This is one of the internal factors that bring deterioration and destruction of their government. Other internal factors are contradictions within the military, between classes derived from Dailam with Turkish roots. <span title="Ketika Amir al-Umara dijabat oleh Mu'izz al-Daulah persoalan itu dapat diatasi, tetapi manakala jabatan itu diduduki oleh orang-orang yang lemah, masalah tersebut muncul ke permukaan, mengganggu stabilitas dan menjatuhkan wibawa pemerintah. ">When Amir al-Umara held by al-Daula Mu'izz the issue can be resolved, but when the post was occupied by people who are weak, the problem surfaced, destabilize and topple the government authority. In line with the weakening of the political power of Bani Buwaih, the more interference from outside which led to the deterioration and destruction of this dynasty. <span title="Faktor-faktor eksternal tersebut diantaranya adalah semakin gencarnya serangan-serangan Bizantium ke dunia Islam, dan semakin banyaknya dinasti-dinasti kecil yang membebaskan diri dari kekuasaan pusat di Baghdad.">The external factors include the vigorous attacks of the Byzantine to the Islamic world, and the increasing number of small dynasties that frees itself from the central power in Baghdad. <span title="Dinasti-dinasti itu, antara lain dinasti Fathimiyah yang memproklamasikan dirinya sebagai pemegang jabatan khalifah di Mesir, Ikhsyidiyah di Mesir dan Syria, Hamdan di Aleppo dan lembah Furat, Ghaznawi di Ghazna dekat kabul, dan dinasti Seljuk yang berhasil merebut kekuasaan dari tangan Bani Buwaih. ">Dynasties, among others dynasty Fathimiyah who proclaimed himself as the holder of the post of caliph in Egypt, Ikhsyidiyah in Egypt and Syria, Hamdan in Aleppo and valleys Furat, Ghaznawi in Ghazna near Kabul, and the Seljuk dynasty that succeeded in seizing power from the hands of Bani Buwaih. The fall of Bani Buwaih power into the hands of the Seljuk stems from a power struggle in the country. When al-Malik al-Rahim held the post of Amir al-Umara, power was seized by his own commander, Arselan al-Basasiri. With the power in his hands, al-Basasiri do arbitrary terhadapal-Rahim Al-Malikal and Caliph al-Qaimdari Bani Abbas; <span title="bahkan dia mengundang khalifah Fathimiyah, (al-Mustanshir, untuk menguasai Baghdad. Hal ini mendorong khalifah meminta bantuan kepada Tughril Bek dari dinasti Seljuk yang berpangkalan di negeri Jabal. Pada tanggal 18 Desember 1055 M/447 H pimpinan Seljuk itu memasuki Baghdad. Al-">He even invited the Caliph Fathimiyah, (al-Mustansir, for control of Baghdad. This prompted the caliph asked for help Tughril defender of the Seljuk dynasty based in Jabal country. On December 18, 1055 M / 447 H leader Seljuk entered Baghdad. Al- <span title="Malik al-Rahim, Amir al-Umara Bani Buwaih yang terakhir, dipenjarakan. Dengan demikian berakhirlah kekuasaan Bani Buwaih dan bermulalah kekuasaan Dinasti Seljuk. Pergantian kekuasaan ini juga menandakan awal periode keempat khilafah Abbasiyah. Dinasti Seljuk berasal dari beberapa kabilah kecil rumpun suku Ghuz di">Malik al-Rahim, Amir al-Umara Bani Buwaih the latter, imprisoned. Thus ended the rule of Bani Buwaih and bermulalah power of the Seljuk dynasty. Substitution of these powers also marks the beginning of the fourth period Abbasid Caliphate, the Seljuk dynasty comes from several tribes of small clumps of tribal Ghuz in <span title="wilayah Turkistan. Pada abad kedua, ketiga, dan keempat Hijrah mereka pergi ke arah barat menuju Transoxiana dan Khurasan. Ketika itu mereka belum bersatu. Mereka dipersatukan oleh Seljuk ibn Tuqaq. Karena itu, mereka disebut orang-orang Seljuk. Pada mulanya Seljuk ibn Tuqaq">region of Turkistan. In the second century, third, and fourth Hijrah they go westward toward Transoxiana and Khorasan. When they have not been united. They are united by the Seljuk ibn Tuqaq. Therefore, they are called the Seljuks. In the beginning, the Seljuks ibn Tuqaq Bequ serve the king Turkoman areas covering an area around the Arabian Sea and the Caspian Sea. Seljuk appointed as the leader of the army. Seljuk influence so great that King Bequ worried about his position threatened. King intends to get rid of the Seljuks. However, before the plan was implemented, Seljuk know. <span title="Ia tidak mengambil sikap melawan atau memberontak, tetapi bersama pengikutnya ia bermigrasi ke daerah land, atau disebut juga Wama Wara'a al-Nahar, sebuah daerah muslim di wilayah Transoxiana (antara sungai Ummu Driya dan Syrdarya atau Sihun).">He did not take a stand against or rebellious, but together with his followers to migrate to the land, also called Wama Wara'a al-Nahar, a Muslim area in the region of Transoxiana (between Umm Driya and Syrdarya rivers or Sihun). They inhabit this area permission Samanids dynasty ruler who controls the area. They entered the school of Sunni Islam. When the dynasty Samanid dynasty was defeated by Ghaznawiyah, Seljuk declared independence. He managed to control territory previously controlled by the Samanids dynasty. After the Seljuk died, followed by his leadership, Israel. However, Israel and then its successor Michael, his brother can be captured by the authorities Ghaznawiyah. The next leadership held by Thugrul defender. This last Seljuk leader defeated Mas'ud al-Ghaznavids, Ghaznawiyah ruling dynasty, in the year 429 AH / 1036 AD, and forced him to leave the area of Khurasan. After this success, Thugrul proclaimed the establishment of the Seljuk dynasty. In the year 432 AH / 1040 AD this dynasty received recognition from the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad. At the moment this is the defender Thugrul leadership, Seljuk dynasty entered Baghdad replace Buwaih Bani. Previously, Thugrul captured areas of power Ghaznawiyah Marwadan Nishapur, Balkh, urjan, Tabaristan, Khawarizm, Ray, and Isfahan. Position and the position of caliph better after the Seljuk dynasty in power; at least in the field of religious authority is returned after some time "deprived" of Shi'ites. Although Baghdad can be mastered, but he did not serve as the central government. Thugrul defender chose Nishapur and then Ray as the central government. <span title="Dinasti-dinasti kecil yang sebelumnya memisahkan diri, setelah ditaklukkan dinasti Seljuk ini, kembali mengakui kedudukan Baghdad, bahkan mereka terus menjaga keutuhan dan keamanan Abbasiyah untuk membendung faham Syi'ah dan mengembangkan mazhab Sunni yang dianut mereka. ">Small dynasties that were previously split, after it was conquered by the Seljuk dynasty, re-admit the position of Baghdad, even they continue to maintain the integrity and security of the Abbasid to stem the ideology of Shiite and Sunni sects professed develop them. After the death of Thugrul Bek (455 H / 1063 AD), the Seljuk dynasty successively ruled by Alp Arselan (455-465 H / 1063-1072), Malikshah (465-485 H / 1072-1092), Mahmud (485-487 H / 1092-1094 AD), Barkiyaruq (487 -498 H / 1094-1103), Malikshah II (498 H / 1103 AD), Abu Syuja 'Muhammad (498-511 H / 11 03-1117 M), and Abu Haris Sanjar (511-522H / 1117-1128 AD). The Seljuk administration dikena1 with the name al-Salajikah al-Kubra (Great Seljuk or the Great Seljuk). In addition, there are several other Seljuk rule in some areas as mentioned earlier. At the time of Alp Arselan regional expansion begun by Thugrul Bek continued westward to the center of Roman culture in Asia Minor, which is Byzantine. Important events in this expansion movement is what is known as Manzikart events. Alp Arselan army defeated a large Roman army consisting of the Roman army, Ghuz, al-Akraj, al-Hajr, France and Armenia. By the year 1071 AD Manzikart mastered it, it opened an opportunity for him to make a move penturkian (turkification) in Asia Minor. This movement starts with lifting Sulaiman ibn Qutlumish, nephew Alp Arselan, as governor in this area. In the year 1077 AD (470 H), established the Seljuk sultanate of Rum with its capital Iconim. Meanwhile the son Arselan, Tutush, succeeded in establishing the Seljuk dynasty in Syria in 1094 AD / 487 AH At the time of the Seljuk dynasty Malikshah territory is very wide, extending from Kashgor, a region at the end regions of Turkey, to Jerusalem. Vast territory was divided into five sections:</div><ol><li>Great Seljuks who controlled Khorassan, Ray, Jabal, Iraq, Persia, and Ahwaz. He is the parent of the other. Sheikh number who ruled eight people.</li><li>Kirman Seljuk under the authority of the family Qawurt defender Michael ibn Dawud ibn ibn Seljuk. Number of sheikhs who ruled twelve.</li><li>Seljuk Iraq and Kurdistan, is the first leader Mughirs al-Din Mahmud. The Seljuks successively ruled by nine sheikh.</li><li>Seljuk Syria, ruled by the Alp Arselan Tutush ibn ibn Daud ibn Michael ibn Seljuk, number of sheikhs who ruled five people.</li><li>Seljuk Rum, ruled by the Seljuk Qutlumish ibn ibn Israel with a number of sheikhs who ruled the whole 17 people.</li></ol><div style="text-align: justify;"><span title="Disamping membagi wilayah menjadi lima, dipimpin oleh gubernur yang bergelar Syekh atau Malik itu, penguasa Seljuk juga mengembalikan jabatan perdana menteri yang sebelumnya dihapus oleh penguasa Bani Buwaih.">Besides dividing the area into five, headed by a governor who holds the sheik or Malik, Seljuk ruler also restore the post of prime minister were previously removed by the authorities Bani Buwaih. This position oversees several departments. At the time of Alp Arselan, science and religion began to develop and progress at the time of Sultan Malik Shah assisted by the prime minister Nizam al-Mulk. The prime minister initiated the founding of the University Nizamiyyah (1065 M) and Madrasah Hanafiyah in Baghdad. Almost every city in Iraq and Khurasan established branches Nizamiyyah. According to Philip K. Hitti, University Nizamiyyah which is the model for all universities at a later date. Government attention to the development of science spawned many Muslim scientists of his time. Among them are al-Zamakhsyari in the field of interpretation, language and theology; al-Qusyairy in the field of interpretation; Abu Hamid al-Ghazali in theology; and Farid al-Din al-'Aththar and Omar Khayam in literature. Not only mental and spiritual development, in physical development was the Seljuk dynasty many leave the service. Malik Shah's famous development efforts in the past. Many mosques, bridges, irrigation and highway construction. After Sultan Malikshah and prime minister Nizam al-Mulk died Great Seljuk began to experience a period of decline in the political field. Power struggles between family members arise. Each province trying to escape from the center. Conflicts and wars among members of their own family weaken. Meanwhile, some smaller dynasties independence, as Syahat Khawarizm, Ghuz, and al-Ghuriyah. On the other hand, little by little political power caliph also back, especially for the country of Iraq. Seljuk dynasty rule in Iraq ended up in the hands of the Shah Khawarizm in 590 H / l199 M.</div>

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